The Philly cheesesteak, an iconic sandwich recognized worldwide, is more than just shaved steak and melted cheese on a roll. It’s a symbol of Philadelphia, a culinary emblem steeped in local pride and tradition. But how did this simple, yet satisfying, creation come to be? The answer, like the perfect cheesesteak itself, is a blend of history, innovation, and a healthy dose of local legend.
The Genesis of a Culinary Icon: Pat’s King of Steaks
The most widely accepted origin story points directly to Pat Olivieri, the founder of Pat’s King of Steaks. In the early 1930s, Pat ran a hot dog stand near the Italian Market in South Philadelphia. The exact year is debated, with some sources citing 1930 and others 1933, but the essence of the story remains consistent.
A Butcher’s Inspiration: From Hot Dogs to Steak
Legend has it that Pat, tired of the usual hot dog fare, decided to grill some thinly sliced beef from a local butcher. The aroma alone was enough to pique the interest of a passing cab driver. He requested the same steak sandwich, and after taking a bite, declared it “good enough to sell to the public.”
This seemingly chance encounter spurred Pat to add the steak sandwich to his menu. It quickly gained popularity among local workers and patrons of the Italian Market. Initially, the sandwich consisted solely of the sliced steak served on an Italian roll. The pivotal addition of cheese would come later.
The Cheese Enters the Fray: A Matter of Taste and Texture
The introduction of cheese to the cheesesteak is another chapter in the sandwich’s evolving story. While the exact timeline is debated, the generally accepted version credits Joe “Cocky Joe” Lorenza with requesting provolone cheese on his steak sandwich, sometime in the 1940s.
Provolone, with its mild flavor and melting qualities, quickly became a popular choice. However, it wasn’t the only cheese in the running. Other contenders included American cheese, and eventually, the ever-popular Cheese Whiz.
The Rise of Cheese Whiz: A Controversial Classic
Cheese Whiz, with its distinct flavor and perfectly melted consistency, has become synonymous with the Philly cheesesteak for many. While purists may scoff, Cheese Whiz undeniably holds a significant place in the sandwich’s history and popularity. Its introduction provided a creamy, easily manageable cheese option that quickly gained traction.
The exact date of Cheese Whiz’s arrival on the cheesesteak scene is unclear, but it’s safe to say that it solidified its place as a staple by the 1960s and 70s. To this day, the most common order at Pat’s King of Steaks (and many other cheesesteak establishments) is “Whiz wit,” meaning “Cheese Whiz with onions.”
Beyond Pat’s: The Evolution of the Cheesesteak
While Pat’s King of Steaks is widely credited with inventing the cheesesteak, it’s crucial to acknowledge the numerous other establishments that have contributed to its evolution and enduring appeal. The cheesesteak didn’t remain confined to a single stand; it spread throughout Philadelphia and beyond, with each vendor adding their own unique touches.
Geno’s Steaks: A Rival is Born
Across the street from Pat’s, another iconic cheesesteak institution emerged: Geno’s Steaks. Founded in 1966 by Joey Vento, Geno’s quickly became a rival to Pat’s, further cementing the cheesesteak’s place in Philadelphia’s culinary landscape.
The rivalry between Pat’s and Geno’s is legendary, often characterized by long lines, passionate customers, and a constant debate over which establishment serves the “best” cheesesteak. This competition, while sometimes heated, has undoubtedly contributed to the cheesesteak’s enduring popularity and the high standards that cheesesteak vendors strive to maintain.
Variations and Innovations: Expanding the Cheesesteak Universe
Beyond Pat’s and Geno’s, countless other cheesesteak shops have sprung up throughout Philadelphia and beyond, each offering its own take on the classic sandwich. Variations abound, including the addition of peppers, mushrooms, pizza sauce (the “pizza steak”), and other toppings.
The choice of bread also plays a crucial role. While the traditional Amoroso’s roll remains a favorite, some establishments offer alternative bread options. The type of steak used, the way it’s sliced, and the method of cooking can all significantly impact the final product.
Even the cheese selection has expanded beyond provolone, American, and Cheese Whiz. Some establishments offer mozzarella, cheddar, or even gourmet cheese blends. The possibilities, it seems, are endless.
The Cheesesteak’s Enduring Appeal: More Than Just a Sandwich
The Philly cheesesteak’s enduring appeal extends beyond its delicious taste. It’s a symbol of Philadelphia, a culinary icon that embodies the city’s working-class roots, its vibrant culture, and its unwavering spirit.
A Taste of Philadelphia: Local Pride and Culinary Identity
For Philadelphians, the cheesesteak is more than just a sandwich; it’s a taste of home. It’s a reminder of their city’s unique culinary identity and a source of local pride. Whether enjoyed at Pat’s, Geno’s, or a neighborhood cheesesteak shop, the sandwich evokes a sense of nostalgia and connection to the city’s rich history.
Beyond Philadelphia: A Global Phenomenon
The cheesesteak’s popularity has extended far beyond Philadelphia’s city limits. It’s now a global phenomenon, with cheesesteak shops popping up in cities around the world. While these international versions may not always adhere strictly to the traditional recipe, they pay homage to the original and offer a taste of Philadelphia to those who may never have the opportunity to visit.
The Cheesesteak in Popular Culture: A Star is Born
The Philly cheesesteak has also made numerous appearances in popular culture, further solidifying its iconic status. It’s been featured in movies, television shows, and even songs, often serving as a symbol of Philadelphia or a humorous representation of American cuisine.
These appearances have helped to introduce the cheesesteak to a wider audience and contribute to its enduring appeal.
Decoding the Cheesesteak Order: A Guide for the Uninitiated
Ordering a cheesesteak in Philadelphia can be a daunting experience for the uninitiated. The local vernacular, the rapid-fire ordering process, and the sheer number of options can be overwhelming. However, with a little preparation, anyone can navigate the cheesesteak ordering process like a seasoned Philadelphian.
“Wit” or “Witout”: The Onion Question
The most crucial question you’ll be asked when ordering a cheesesteak is “wit” or “witout.” This refers to whether you want your cheesesteak with or without onions. “Wit” means with onions, while “witout” means without. Be prepared to answer this question quickly and decisively.
Cheese Choices: Whiz, Provolone, or American?
Next, you’ll need to specify your cheese preference. As mentioned earlier, the most popular options are Cheese Whiz, provolone, and American cheese. Each cheese offers a unique flavor and texture, so choose the one that best suits your taste.
Additional Toppings: Customizing Your Cheesesteak
While onions and cheese are the standard toppings, many cheesesteak shops offer a variety of additional options, such as peppers, mushrooms, ketchup, mustard, and hot sauce. Feel free to customize your cheesesteak to your liking, but be aware that some additions may be considered sacrilegious by purists.
Ordering Like a Pro: Confidence is Key
The key to ordering a cheesesteak like a pro is to be confident and decisive. Know what you want before you step up to the counter, and speak clearly and concisely. A simple “Whiz wit,” “Provolone witout,” or “American wit peppers” will suffice. And don’t forget to thank the cheesesteak maker for their hard work!
The Legacy Continues: The Cheesesteak Today
Today, the Philly cheesesteak remains as popular as ever. It’s a beloved local staple, a global culinary icon, and a symbol of Philadelphia’s enduring spirit. From its humble beginnings as a simple steak sandwich at a hot dog stand to its current status as a world-renowned delicacy, the cheesesteak’s journey is a testament to the power of innovation, local pride, and a little bit of deliciousness.
The debate over who makes the “best” cheesesteak will likely continue for generations to come, but one thing is certain: the Philly cheesesteak will continue to be enjoyed and celebrated by Philadelphians and visitors alike for many years to come. It’s more than just a sandwich; it’s a piece of Philadelphia history, a taste of local culture, and a culinary experience that is uniquely its own.
What is generally accepted as the origin story of the Philly cheesesteak?
The commonly accepted origin story traces back to Pat and Harry Olivieri, who ran a hot dog stand near the Italian Market in South Philadelphia in the 1930s. Legend has it that Pat, tired of eating hot dogs, decided to grill some thinly sliced beef on his hot dog grill. A cab driver passing by smelled the delicious aroma and asked for one, sparking a culinary innovation.
Initially, it was simply steak in a roll, without cheese. According to Pat’s grandson, Frank Olivieri, cheese was added later, likely in the 1940s, with provolone being the first cheese offered. The cheesesteak’s popularity grew from there, eventually leading to the establishment of Pat’s King of Steaks, which remains a prominent cheesesteak establishment today.
Who were Pat and Harry Olivieri, and what was their role in the cheesesteak’s creation?
Pat and Harry Olivieri were brothers who operated a hot dog stand in South Philadelphia. They are credited with inventing the Philly cheesesteak. Pat, seeking a change from the usual hot dog fare, is said to have grilled thinly sliced beef, placed it on an Italian roll, and inadvertently created what would become a Philadelphia culinary icon.
While Pat is often given primary credit, Harry played a significant role in the business’s operation. Together, they recognized the potential of their new creation and adapted their business to focus on the steak sandwiches. This partnership laid the foundation for what became Pat’s King of Steaks, contributing to the cheesesteak’s enduring legacy.
When and where did cheese become a standard ingredient in the Philly cheesesteak?
The exact date cheese became a standard ingredient is debated, but it’s generally believed to have happened in the 1940s, roughly a decade after the original steak sandwich was invented. Provolone cheese is widely considered the first cheese option offered to customers, adding a new dimension of flavor to the already popular sandwich.
The inclusion of cheese proved to be a hit with customers, further cementing the cheesesteak’s popularity and evolving it into the form we recognize today. While provolone was the initial choice, other cheese options, such as American and Cheez Whiz, emerged over time, catering to diverse preferences and shaping the cheesesteak landscape.
What are the key elements of a traditional Philly cheesesteak?
A traditional Philly cheesesteak consists of thinly sliced rib-eye steak grilled and chopped on a flat-top griddle. The meat is then placed inside a long Italian roll. The choice of cheese is crucial, with provolone, American, or Cheez Whiz being the most common options.
Onions are another essential component, typically fried or sautéed alongside the steak. While other toppings, such as peppers or mushrooms, are sometimes added, the core elements remain consistent: thinly sliced steak, cheese, onions, and a quality Italian roll. Purists often argue that anything beyond these basic ingredients deviates from the true Philly cheesesteak experience.
Why is Cheez Whiz so popular on Philly cheesesteaks?
The popularity of Cheez Whiz on Philly cheesesteaks is a unique phenomenon, rooted in its distinctive flavor and texture. It offers a creamy, slightly tangy taste that many find complements the savory steak and onions perfectly. Its smooth, melty consistency ensures it blends well with the other ingredients, creating a cohesive and satisfying bite.
Beyond its flavor profile, Cheez Whiz has become culturally associated with the Philly cheesesteak. It’s a readily available and relatively inexpensive option, contributing to its widespread adoption. For many Philadelphians and cheesesteak enthusiasts, Cheez Whiz is not just a topping, but an integral part of the overall cheesesteak experience, representing a taste of home and tradition.
What are some of the common debates surrounding the “authentic” Philly cheesesteak?
One of the most common debates revolves around the cheese. While provolone was supposedly the original cheese option, American and Cheez Whiz are now equally popular, leading to disagreements over which constitutes the “authentic” choice. The type and quality of the roll are also frequent points of contention, with specific bakeries being favored by different factions.
Another significant debate concerns additional toppings. Purists argue that only steak, cheese, and onions should be included, while others embrace peppers, mushrooms, or even lettuce and tomato. The “wit or witout” question (with or without onions) is a ubiquitous element of ordering, highlighting the importance of even seemingly minor variations. These debates reflect the deeply personal and passionate connection people have with the Philly cheesesteak.
How has the Philly cheesesteak evolved over time?
The Philly cheesesteak has evolved significantly since its humble beginnings as a simple steak sandwich. The addition of cheese, initially provolone, marked a major turning point, transforming it into the “cheesesteak” we know today. The rise of American cheese and particularly Cheez Whiz further diversified the options and broadened its appeal.
While the core ingredients of steak, cheese, and onions remain central, variations in the cut and preparation of the steak, the type of roll used, and the inclusion of additional toppings have led to a wide range of cheesesteak experiences. This evolution reflects the dynamism of culinary culture, as chefs and vendors continue to experiment and adapt the classic recipe to meet changing tastes and preferences, while still honoring its Philadelphia roots.